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Cold tolerance at the seedling stage of rice is an important phenotypic trait that causes normal plant growth and stable rice production in temperate regions as well as tropical high-lands in Asia and Africa. In order to find quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/genes associated with cold tolerance, we constructed a linkage map using 153 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between a cold-tolerant...
Rice blast, caused by fungal pathogen Magnaporthe grisea Barr., is one of the most devastating rice diseases worldwide. It has greatly affected the rice production and quality. Development of resistant cultivars is the most effective and economical way for controlling this disease in rice. In this study, 114 of the single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs) in rice were inoculated at seedling stage...
Although western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.)] is an important perennial grass species for agriculture and conservation management in central and western North America, its lack of adequate seed production and seedling vigor limits its effectiveness. To address the weaknesses a study was conducted to assess rhizome spread, seed production, seed weight, germination percentage, and emergence...
The genetic basis of several different components of resistance to Rhynchosporium secalis in barley was investigated in a mapping population derived from a cross between winter and spring barley types. Both the severity of visual disease symptoms and amount of R. secalis DNA in leaf tissues were assessed in field trials in Scotland in the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 growing seasons. Relative expression...
Sheath blight (SB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is a serious disease of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) for which genetic resistance is in demand by breeders. With the goal of resistance (SBR)-QTL discovery in U. S. japonica breeding material, 197 doubled-haploid lines from a cross between MCR10277 (resistant) and Cocodrie (susceptible) were evaluated in field and greenhouse assays with U. S....
Fine mapping of a quantitative trait locus, qFLL6.2, controlling flag leaf length (FLL) and yield traits in rice was conducted using four sets of near isogenic lines (NILs) that were developed from a common residual heterozygote at F7 generation of the indica rice cross Zhenshan 97/Milyang 46. Each of the NIL sets consisted of 40 lines that are S1 progenies of ten maternal homozygotes, ten paternal...
Xieyou9308 is the first commercial super hybrid rice released in 1996 in China. To clarify its genetic mechanism underlying high yield potential, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between the maintainer line XieqingzaoB (XQZB) and the restorer line Zhonghui9308 (ZH9308) and two derived backcross F1 (BCF1) populations were developed for the identification of quantitative...
The rice FRIZZY PANICLE (FZP) locus on chromosome 7, in which an ERF and acidic domain are present, is concerned with the regulation of spikelet meristem identity and the determination of panicle architecture. Many fzp mutants drastically alter panicle morphology with higher-order rachis-branches developing successively instead of the development of floral organs in these mutants. A new mutant showing...
Sequence diversity in the two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genes encoding sucrose synthase I (SSI) and sucrose phosphate synthase II (SPSII), both of which are involved in sucrose accumulation and grain filling, was studied by partial resequencing of eight reference genotypes and SNP analysis by pyrosequencing in a panel of 94 spring and 96 winter European barley varieties. The resequencing was based...
Hybrids between rice subspecies indica and japonica display strong heterosis. However, semi-sterility of inter-subspecific hybrids between indica and japonica varieties is a major obstacle for application of hybrid vigor in rice production. Semi-sterility was previously ascribed to allelic interaction at a number of different loci, whereas, wide-compatibility varieties can overcome hybrid sterility...
With an objective to evaluate the Bhutan rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces for genetic diversity in blast resistance, 402 accessions viz. 352 landraces, a differential set of 32 R gene lines and 18 modern cultivars were field-evaluated in three blast ‘hotspot’ sites followed by genetic analysis of the 352 landraces with 27 microsatellite markers. Across the sites, 19 landraces (5.4%) exhibited complete...
A QTL, qHY-8, has been resolved into a single Mendelian locus controlling heading date and yield-related traits in rice. The trait-performance of the three genotypes for the QTL in the BC5F2 or BC4F2 populations (with cultivar Teqing or YuetaiB as recurrent parents) indicated that the Lemont (donor parent) allele at qHY-8 locus showed a positive and pleiotropic additive effect on heading date (HD),...
The Pi-z gene in rice confers resistance to a wide range of races of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. The objective of this study was to characterize Pi-z in 111 rice germplasm accessions using DNA markers and pathogenicity assays. The existence of Pi-z in rice germplasm was detected by using four simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (RM527, AP4791, AP5659-1, AP5659-5) closely linked to...
Naked (hulless) barley was neglected by plant breeders in Europe during the period of intensive crop improvement in the 20th Century, but it is now receiving renewed interest due to the potential health benefits it can convey. Very few naked barley cultivars have been developed for modern UK or European agricultural systems, in contrast to the wide diversity of naked barley in Asia. Prior to initiating...
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